4.4. Learning to Code: Functions¶

If needed, you can see summaries of the turtle commands used in this section by pressing the button below.

import turtle

Import the turtle module, which defines a turtle and all of the turtle commands.

turtle.speed(S)

Set the drawing speed to S, a number between 0 (slow) and 10 (fast).

turtle.color(C)

Set the pen color to be C, a color string (https://trinket.io/docs/colors).

turtle.setheading(A)

Set the direction of travel to A degrees (e.g., 0 = east, 90 = north, 180 = west, 270 = south).

turtle.hideturtle(), turtle.showturtle()

Make the turtle invisible, make the turtle visible.

turtle.begin_fill()

Begin drawing a shape to be filled.

turtle.end_fill()

Fill the shape drawn since the last begin_fill() command.

turtle.up(), turtle.down()

Do not leave a trail when moving, leave a trail when moving.

turtle.goto(X, Y)

Move straight to the pixel with coordinates (X, Y).

turtle.forward(L), turtle.backward(L)

Move forward (in the direction of travel) by L pixels, move backward (opposite to the direction of travel) by L pixels

turtle.left(D), turtle.right(D)

Rotate left (counter-clockwise) by D degrees, rotate right (clockwise) by D degrees

turtle.circle(R)

Move counter-clockwise in the direction of travel and in a circle of radius R pixels.

Run the code below to see what it draws.

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