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Let’s get a feel for the sequence from the Towers of Hanoi puzzle. Use Figure 4.1.1 to answer the following questions.
1. Towers of Hanoi data.
(a)
What is the smallest number of moves required to transport 2 disks to another pillar?
(b)
What is the smallest number of moves required to transport 3 disks to another pillar?
(c)
What is the smallest number of moves required to transport 4 disks to another pillar?
(d)
To find the smallest number of moves required to transport 5 disks to another pillar, let’s try to relate this task to the task of moving 4 disks. How many moves do each of the following tasks require?
  1. Move the 4 smallest disks to the second pillar: moves.
  2. Move the largest disk to the third pillar: moves.
  3. Move the 4 smallest disks to the third pillar (on top of the largest disk): moves.
Therefore, the smallest number of moves required to move five disks is:
(e)
Generalize the last observation. Let an represent the smallest number of moves required to transport n disks from the start pillar to another pillar. Then anβˆ’1 represents the number of moves required to transport nβˆ’1 disks to another pillar.
Give a formula for an in terms of anβˆ’1.
an=.