3.4. Glossary¶
Algorithm: A generic, step-by-step list of instructions for solving a problem.
Average Case: Refers to when an algorithm performs between its worst and best case given a certain data set or circumstance.
Best Case: Refers to when an algorithm performs especially good given a certain data set or circumstance.
Big-O Notation: Another term for order of magnitude; written as \(O(f(n))\).
Brute Force: Technique that tries to exhaust all possibilities of a problem.
Contiguous: Adjacent or next to.
Dynamic Size: Able to change size automatically.
Exponential: Function represented as a number being raised to a power that increases like \(f(n)= 2^{n}\).
Linear: Function that grows in a one to one relationship with its input like \(f(n) = n\).
Logarithmic: Functions that are the inverse of exponential functions usually presented as \(f(n) = logn\).
Order of Magnitude: Function describing the part \(T(n)\) that increases the fastest as the value of n increases (a function describing an algorithm’s steps as the size of the problem increases).
Quadratic: Function describing a relationship who’s highest order is a number squared:
Simplified: \(f(n) = x^{2}\)
Complex: \(ax^{2} + bx + c\)
Worst Case: Refers to when an algorithm performs especially poorly given a certain data set or circumstance.