Chapter 11 Exercises

Below is a selection of images that you can use in the programs in this section.

beach.jpg	baby.jpg	vangogh.jpg	swan.jpg

puppy.jpg	kitten.jpg	girl.jpg	motorcycle.jpg

gal1.jpg	guy1.jpg	gal2.jpg

Note

Remember that it can take a bit of time to process all the pixels in a picture! Check for errors below the code if it is taking a long time, but if you don’t see any errors just wait.

1. Fix 4 syntax errors in the code below so that it correctly sets the red in all pixels to 0.

   from image import # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg" # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixelList = img.getPixels() for p in pixelList: # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed() # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel() # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Add a * at the end of line 1. Add a ) at the end of line 4. Change line 11 to (0). Change line 14 to (p).

   from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixelList = img.getPixels() for p in pixelList: # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

2. The code below makes the image have a green-blue tint. Change 1 thing in order to make it have a red tint instead.

   # USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("puppy.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixelList = img.getPixels() for p in pixelList: # SET THE COLOR p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE PIXEL img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Set the Red pixel to be 255.

   # USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("puppy.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixelList = img.getPixels() for p in pixelList: # SET THE COLOR p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE PIXEL img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

3. Fix the indention below to correctly set the red to the green, the green to the blue, and the blue to the red.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(g) p.setGreen(b) p.setBlue(r) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Change the indention on lines 11-22 as shown below.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(g) p.setGreen(b) p.setBlue(r) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

4. Fix the 5 errors in the code, so that the Red pixels get the value of the green, the green get the value of blue, and the blue get the value of the red. (The cat should look purple and gray)

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("kitten") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixel: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getred() b = p.getGreen() g = p.getBlue() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(g) p.setGreen(b) p.setBlue(r) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   The image passed should have the .jpg at the end. Make sure the r,g,b variables are correctly set to represent red, green, and blue. In the for loop header, make sure it’s looping through pixels not pixel, and it should be setRed() not setred().

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("kitten.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(g) p.setGreen(b) p.setBlue(r) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

5. Fill in the missing code on lines 9, 12, and 18 below to set the red to half the original value in all pixels in the picture.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p. # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r * 0.5); # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img. # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Add in pixels: to line 9. Add getRed() to line 12. Add updatePixel(p) to line 18.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r * 0.5); # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

6. Complete the code in order to set the blue value to an eigth of the green value plus an eight of the red value.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("swan.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for # STEP 4: GET THE DATA b = p.get g = p.get r = p.get # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.set # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Complete the for loop header to iterate through pixels. Get the values for the blue, red, and green pixels. Set the blue pixels to the sum of an eighth of both the red and green pixels.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("swan.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() r = p.getRed() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setBlue((g/8)+(r/8)) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

7. Fix the indention in the code below so that it correctly increases the red in each pixel in the picture by 1.5.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r * 1.5); # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Remove the indention on lines 4-5. Add indention on lines 14-15.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r * 1.5); # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

8. This code is supposed to make the picture completely black; however, it is taking forever when it should only take a few seconds. Fix the code (without adding anything new) so that it runs in a few seconds.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("motorcycle.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(0) p.setGreen(0) p.setBlue(0) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   The last two lines should be outside the for loop.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("motorcycle.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(0) p.setGreen(0) p.setBlue(0) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

9. Fix the code below to correctly set the green and blue values to 0.75 times their current values.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: p.setGreen(g * 0) p.setBlue(b * 0) g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Get the values into g and b before you try to use them. Multiply the old values by 0.75 instead of 0.

   # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setGreen(g * 0.75) p.setBlue(b * 0.75) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

   Show Comments

10. The code below sets all the pixels to half their original values with one for loop. Change the code so it uses 2 for loops that utilize the range function (1 for loop should be nested in the other).

    # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("baby.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels() for p in pixels: # STEP 4: GET THE DATA r = p.getRed() b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r/2) p.setGreen(g/2) p.setBlue(b/2) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Change the for loop to iterate through the range of the width and then the nested loop should iterate through the range of the height. Call the get pixel method inside the for loop as shown below.

    # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("baby.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(img.getWidth()): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # STEP 4: GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x,y) r = p.getRed() b = p.getBlue() g = p.getGreen() # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(r/2) p.setGreen(g/2) p.setBlue(b/2) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

11. Change the following code to set the red to 0 for all pixels in the left half of the picture.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(img.getWidth()): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Change line 7 to int(img.getWidth() / 2)):.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(int(img.getWidth() / 2)): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

12. The code below makes the whole image have a blue-green tint. Change the code so that it makes an only blue tint in the bottom left corner.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("vangogh.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(int(img.getWidth())): for y in range(int(img.getHeight())): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE PIXEL p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE PIXEL img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    You have to iterate through the first half of the image width and the second half of the image height. Also, in the body of the loop, set the green pixel to 0 too.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("vangogh.jpg") for x in range(int(img.getWidth()/2)): for y in range(int(img.getHeight() / 2), img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE PIXEL p.setRed(0) p.setGreen(0) # UPDATE THE PIXEL img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

13. Change the code below to set the red value in the pixels in the bottom half of the picture to 0.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(img.getWidth()): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Change line 8 to (int(img.getHeight() / 2), img.getHeight()).

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("gal2.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(img.getWidth()): for y in range(int(img.getHeight() / 2), img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE RED TO 0 p.setRed(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

14. The code below makes the whole image seem red. Change it, so that only every 5 pixels get changed, so that it will look like a red grid.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("guy1.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(int(img.getWidth())): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE PIXEL p.setGreen(0) p.setBlue(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    In the for loops, add an argument of 0 before the existing argument and add a 5 after the existing argument in the range method.

    from image import * # CREATE AN IMAGE FROM A FILE img = Image("guy1.jpg") # LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS for x in range(0, int(img.getWidth()), 5): for y in range(0, img.getHeight(), 5): # GET THE DATA p = img.getPixel(x, y) # SET THE PIXEL p.setGreen(0) p.setBlue(0) # UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

15. Change the following code into a procedure to keep only the green values in all pixels in a picture.

    # STEP 1: USE THE IMAGE LIBRARY from image import * # STEP 2: PICK THE IMAGE img = Image("beach.jpg") # STEP 3: LOOP THROUGH THE PIXELS pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: # STEP 5: MODIFY THE COLOR p.setRed(0) p.setBlue(0) # STEP 6: UPDATE THE IMAGE img.updatePixel(p) # STEP 7: SHOW THE RESULT win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Define a procedure to keep only the green values (set the red and blue to 0) in an image. Pass the image to the procedure. Do the import, create the image, call the prodecure, and show the result.

    def keepOnlyGreen(img): # loop through all the pixels pixels = img.getPixels(); for p in pixels: p.setRed(0) p.setBlue(0) # change the pixel color at the current location img.updatePixel(p) from image import * img = Image("beach.jpg") keepOnlyGreen(img) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

16. A grayscale picture is when the red, green, and blue value of a pixel are all equal to the average of the original pixel value. Write the code to turn the left half of an image into gray scale.

    Iterate through only half of the width. Set each color to the average value of the original pixel values.

    from image import * img = Image("beach.jpg") for x in range(int(img.getWidth()/2)): for y in range(img.getHeight()): p = img.getPixel(x,y) r = p.getRed() g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() avg = (r + g + b)/3 p.setRed(avg) p.setGreen(avg) p.setBlue(avg) img.updatePixel(p) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

17. Define a procedure to negate an image. See Image_Negate_Quarter from Chapter 11 section 7 for how to create a negative of an image. Pass the image to the procedure. Do the import, create the image, call the prodecure, and show the result.

    Define the procedure as shown below.

    def negate(img): # loop through all the pixels for x in range(img.getWidth()): for y in range(img.getHeight()): # get the red, green, and blue at the current pixel p = img.getPixel(x, y) r = p.getRed() g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() # create a new pixel with the negated color newPixel = Pixel(255-r, 255-g, 255-b) # change the pixel color at the current location img.setPixel(x, y, newPixel) from image import * img = Image("vangogh.jpg") negate(img) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

18. Write code that takes the top half of an image and replicates it in the bottom half.

    from image import * img = Image("vangogh.jpg") for x in range(int(img.getWidth()): for y in range(int(img.getHeight()/2)): p = img.getPixel(x, y) r = p.getRed() g = p.getGreen() b = p.getBlue() newPixel = Pixel(r, g, b) img.setPixel(x, y + int(img.getHeight()/2), newPixel) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

19. Write a procedure to mirror an image from left to right around a vertical line in the middle of the image. Pass the image to the procedure. Do the import, create the image, call the prodecure, and show the result.

    Create a procedure as shown below. Call it to test it.

    def mirrorLeftToRight(img): # loop through the pixels from 0 to half the width for x in range(int(img.getWidth() / 2)): for y in range(img.getHeight()): p = img.getPixel(x, y) img.setPixel(img.getWidth() - 1 - x, y, p) from image import * img = Image("vangogh.jpg") mirrorLeftToRight(img) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

20. Write code that flips the image across a horizontal line.

    Follow the code below.

    from image import * img = Image("motorcycle.jpg") last = min(img.getWidth(), img.getHeight()) for x in range(last): for y in range(int(last/2)): p = img.getPixel(x, y) img.setPixel(x, img.getHeight() -1 - y, p) win = ImageWin(img.getWidth(),img.getHeight()) img.draw(win)

    Show Comments

You have attempted of activities on this page